COMPLEX SENTENCE

Thứ 3 | 30/11/2021 - Lượt xem: 329
COMPLEX SENTENCES
  1. Definition:
  • A complex sentence is a sentence with an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The words that link those clauses are called subordinating conjunctions.
  • The most common subordinating conjunctions are although, because, before, even though, if, since, until, and when.
  • Dependent clauses starting with a subordinating conjunction are known as subordinate clauses
* Vietnamese:
- Câu phc là câu có mt mnh đề độc lp và ít nht mt mnh đề ph thuc. Nhng t liên kết các mnh đề đó được gi là liên t ph thuc.
- Các liên t ph thuc ph biến nht là although, because, before, even though, if, since, until, và when.
- Các mnh đề ph thuc bt đầu bng mt liên t ph thuc được gi là mnh đề ph
Quick review:

* Để hiu rõ câu phc trước hết cn xem li thế nào là mnh đề độc lp và mnh đề ph thuc:
- mnh đề độc lp (independent clauses): có th đứng 1 mình mà vn truyn ti ni dung trn vn. VD: Tôi ung cà phê.
- mnh đề ph thuc (dependent clauses): không th đứng 1 mình, vì nghĩa ca nó không đầy đủ. VD: Bt c khi nào tôi ung cà phê (chuyn gì xy ra???)
Example:
Two independent clauses: John didn’t know how to cook spaghetti. He asked his mom.
Complex sentence: Because John didn’t know how to cook spaghetti, he asked his mom.
(*Subordinating conjunction is bolded; independent clauses are shaded)
Trên đây là ví d v các mnh đề độc lp (được bôi nn xám) và câu phc (vi liên t ph thuc được in đậm)
  1. Comma in complex sentences
Whether a comma is used in complex sentences depends on the types and positions of the clauses
If the dependent clause comes first, place a comma right before the independent clause.
If the independent clause comes first, no comma is needed.
Example:
  • Because John didn’t know how to cook spaghetti, he asked his mom.
  • John asked his mom how to cook spaghetti because he didn’t know it.
* V trí ca Dependent clause rt quan trng dù nó không làm thay đổi nghĩa ca câu nhưng s quyết định xem câu ca chúng ta nên có du phy (comma) hay không. Nếu mnh đề ph thuc (dependent clause) nm phía trước mnh đề độc lp (independent clause) thì gia 2 mnh đề phi có du phy. Ngược li thì du phy không cn thiết.
  1. Examples of complex sentences (Mt s ví d khác)
  1. The film was very interesting as I expected.
  2. Even though measures such as getting vaccinated, staying at home, wearing a mask in public, avoiding crowded places, keeping distance from others have been taken, the infection of coronavirus disease keeps spreading.
  3. Since Jack last went to Houston, he hasn’t met his father.
  4. When they were at primary school, they had a trip to Seoul.
  5. After being apart for years, he still remembers her name.
 
Reference
https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/complex_sentence.htm
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/complex-sentence-examples.html
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/complex-sentence/
https://www.tuhocielts.vn/cau-phuc-complex-sentence-la-gi/#A_Cau_Phuc_complex_sentence_trong_Tieng_Anh
 

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