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COMPOUND SENTENCES

Chủ nhật | 29/08/2021 - Lượt xem: 459
COMPOUND SENTENCES

Ms Esther
  1. Definition:
A compound sentence is a sentence with two or more independent clauses that joined by a coordinator, semicolons or conjunctive adverbs.
Quick review:

Example:
Two independent clauses: John didn’t know how to cook spaghetti. He asked his mom.
Compound sentence: John didn’t know how to cook spaghetti, so he asked his mom.
  1. Forming compound sentences
  1. Using semicolons (;)
Semicolons are used only where ideas are very closely related. For example:
Two independent clauses: My family often eats at a restaurant. The chef there is amazing.
Compound sentence: My family often eats at a restaurant; the chef there is amazing.
  1. Using coordinators
Coordinators are used to clarify the relationship between the two clauses.
A coordinator stands between the two clauses, after a comma.
There are 7 coordinators in English, which are sometimes referred to as FANBOYS.
Coordinator Relationship Example
For Cause He acts like a child, for he wants attention.
And Addition He acts like a child, and people think he is cute.
Nor Negation He does not act like a child, nor does he look like one.
But Contrast He acts like a child, but he is an adult.
Or Alternative He acts like a child, or he is ignored.
Yet Contrast He acts like a child, yet he longs to be taken seriously.
So Effect He acts like a child, so we treat him like one.
  1. Using conjunctive adverbs
Conjunctive adverbs are used to emphasize the relationship between the two clauses.
A conjunctive adverb stands between the two clauses, after a semicolon, before a comma.
There are many conjunctive adverbs in English.
 
Relationship Conj. Adv. Example
Effect therefore, as a result I have a lot on my mind; therefore, I need to concentrate
Addition also, moreover I have a lot on my mind; also, I have a lot to do.
Contrast still, however, I have a lot on my mind; however, I must try to relax.
Similarity similarly, likewise I have a lot on my mind; likewise, he has a lot to think about.
Alternative otherwise, instead I will try not to think; instead, I will relax.
Explanation for example, in fact I have a lot on my mind; for example, I do not know if I should attend college.
Time meanwhile, afterward I have a lot on my mind; meanwhile, I still have work to do.

  1. Common problems with compound sentences
  1. Commas splices
When we try connecting the clauses with just a comma, it's a mistake called a comma splice. A comma alone is not enough to connect two sentences.

For example:
Wrong – I was tired from working late, I had to go to class anyway.
Right – I was tired from working late; I had to go to class anyway.
Right – I was tired from working late, but I had to go to class anyway.
  1. Fused sentences
Sentences cannot just run together. They must be joined with a semi-colon or a coordinating conjunction.
 
For example:
Wrong – My brother just graduated from high school he will attend St. Petersburg College.
Right – My brother just graduated from high school; he will attend St. Petersburg College.
Right – My brother just graduated from high school, so he will attend St. Petersburg College.

 
Reference
https://en.islcollective.com/english-esl-worksheets/material-type/grammar-guides/compound-sentence/50745
https://spcollege.libguides.com/c.php?g=254288&p=1695263
https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/compound_sentence.htm
https://www.english-grammar-revolution.com/compound-sentence.html
https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/sentences/compound-sentences.html

 

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